NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Notes (Handwritten Notes & PDF Download)

Here we have shared NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Handwritten Notes. The Reproductive Health notes is a best resources for students who are preparing for their board exam because it compile the entire lesson into short and includes every important topics.

With the help of Reproductive Health notes students can understand the chapter in a better way. Notes are prepared by very experience teachers in an organised way so students can rely on this notes for their exam preparation.

NCERT Class 12 Biology Reproductive Health Handwritten Notes

Next Chapter: Principles of Inheritance and Variation
Previous Chapter: Human Reproduction

Other Subjects:
Class 12 Physics Notes
Class 12 Chemistry Notes

Students can access this notes anytime on our website for free of cost. If you found notes helpful, you can also help your friends by sharing with them.

Key Points: Reproductive Health Notes PDF

India was amongst first nation in world to initiate various action plans at national level to attain total reproductive health as social goals. These programmes called family planning 1951.

Reproductive Health Problems:

• Over population.
• Increased mortality rate of both mother and child.
• Sexually Transmitted Disease [STDs].
• No awareness about puberty and adolescence related changes among people.
• Misconception about sex- education.
• Early marriage before attaining maturity.

Population Growth Rate: Number of new Individual per 1000 per year.

• According to 2001 census report, population growth rate was 1.7% or 17/1000 per year.
• Also in 2011, population growth rate was 2% or 20/1000 per year.

Reason for population explosion:

1. Rapid decline in Maternal and Infant Mortality Rate, due to increased health facilities.
2. Increase in number of people in reproducible age.

Contraceptive Method

Contraceptive methods are the birth control measure that is taken to prevent unwanted pregnancies and to maintain population stablisation.

An ideal contraceptive should be –

1. User Friendly.
2. Easily available.
3. Effective impact.
4. Reversible.
5. NO or least sideeffects.
6. No interfere in sexual drive.

There are two types of contraceptive methods:

1. Natural Methods: The natural method of birth control mainly works on the principle of avoiding chances of sperm and ovum meeting inside female reproductive organ. It do not use any contraceptive devices.
2. Artificial Methods: It refers to the conscious prevention of impregnation or conception by using drugs devices or other scientific techniques.

Advantages of Natural Method:

• They do not use any medication so, it have no side effect.
• These methods are cost effective.
• These do not interfere with the sexual drive and sexual act.
• Easily reversed on its time.

Condoms: Thin latex sheath that are used to cover penis in male and vagina and cervix in female. Both male and female condoms are present. It is used just before intercourse so, that Semen would not enter in female genital tract.This prevent conception.

‘Nirodh’ is popular condom for male. Condoms are not reusable.

MTP (Medical Termination of Pregnancy)

Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before the foetus become viable is called MTP or induced abortion.

MTP Act 1971: Government of India legalised in 1971 with some strict condition to avoid its misuse such as female foeticide

MTP Ammendment Act – 2017: According to this pregnancy may be terminated on certain grounds within 12 weeks by opinion of 1 Registered Medical practitioner. 12-24 weeks – opinion of 2 RMP

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Infection or disease which are transmitted through sexual intercourse are known as STIs.

STD is also called Veneral Disease (VD),sexually Transmitted infection (STI)or Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI).

Examples:

• Bacterial STIs:
  Gonorrhea (Neissaria gonorrhoea),
  Syphilis (Treponema Pallidum),
  chlamydiasis (chlamydia Trachomatis).
• Protozoan STIs: Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis).
• Viral STIs: Genital warts (Human papiloma virus),
  AIDS (HIV), Hepatitis B (Hepatitis virus),
  Genital Herpes (Herpes simplex virus).

Causes of infertility in males:

• Low sperm count and problem in penis erection.
• Sperm mobility: sperms are not able to reach the egg.
• Abnormal sperm.
• Age: with growing age chances of infertility increase.
• STIs.

Benefits of Reproductive Health Notes PDF

• Notes are created by topper’s students and expert teachers so you can rely on our notes for your board exam.
• Reproductive Health handwritten notes are organized in clear and structured way so you can revise whole chapter in very less time.
• By using our notes you can get rid off from making your own notes so you can focus on your study more.
• During exam time students feel very high pressure. Reproductive Health Notes are best for last-minute revision. It covered complex topics in very easy and understandable language very helpful for managing the stress in the last days of exam.
• All notes are totally free of cost and students can access notes anytime on our for totally free of cost.

Summary

FAQ