NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Current Electricity Notes (Handwritten Notes & PDF Download)

Physics is a very important subject for students. It may be hard for some students. For helping students here we have shared NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Current Electricity Handwritten Notes.

The Current Electricity notes is a best resource for students who are preparing for their board exam because it compile the entire lesson in short and include every important topic.

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 3 Current Electricity Notes

Next Chapter: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Previous Chapter: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

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Class 12 Biology Notes
Class 12 Chemistry Notes

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Current Electricity Notes PDF

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Key Points: Current Electricity Notes PDF

Current Electricity: The study of charges in motion is called current Electricity.

Electric current The rate of flow of charge is called electric current. It has direction but it does not obey vector rules, so it is scalar.

• Its SI unit is ampere (A).
• Its dimension is A or I.
• It is denoted by I or i.

Ohm’s Law: At constant temperature and constant electron density the potential difference across ends of a conductor is directly proportion to Flowing current.

Resistance The opposition produced against flow of current is called resistance. It is denoted by R.

Current Density: The amount of current flowing through unit cross-section area of a conductor is called current density.

• It is denoted by J.
• It is vector quantity.

Carrier of current:

• In metals, free electrons are the charge carriers.
• In ionised gases, both electrons and positively charged ions are the charge carriers.
• In an electrolytic solution both positive and negative ions are the charge carriers.
• In Semiconductor like Ge and Si, conduction is due to electrons and holes.
• A hole is a vacant state from which an electron has been removed; act as a positive charge carrier.

Resistance in Series: When a number of resistance are connected in series, their equivalent resistance (Rs) is equal to the sum of individual resistance.

Resistance in Parallel: When a number of resistances are connected in parallel, the reciprocal of their equivalent resistance (Rp) is equal to sum of reciprocal of individual resistance.

Kirchhoff’s Law: These law enables us to determine the current and voltages in different part of electrical circuit.

Heating effect of current: The phenomenon of the production of heat in a resistor by flow of an electric current through it is called heating effect of current or Joule heating. It is a reversible process.

Joule’s Law of Heating: It states that the amount of heat H produced in a resistor is-

• directly proportional to the square of current I for given R.
• directly proportional to the resistance R for a given I.
• Inversly proportional to the resistance R for a given I.
• Directly proportional to the time t for which the current flows through the resistor.

Power Rating Power rating of an electrical appliance is the electrical energy consumed per second by the appliance when connected across the marked voltage of the mains.

Electric Energy: The total workdone by the source of emf in mainting an electric current in a circuit for a given time is called electrical energy consumed in the circuit.

Features of Notes

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• Current Electricity Notes PDF are created very carefully so you can rely on this notes.

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