NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Notes (Handwritten Notes & PDF Download)

Physics is a very important subject for students. It may be hard for some students. For helping students here we have shared NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Handwritten Notes.

The Ray Optics and Optical Instruments notes is a best resource for students who are preparing for their board exam because it compile the entire lesson in short and include every important topic.

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 9 Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Notes

Next Chapter: Wave Optics
Previous Chapter: Electromagnetic Waves

Other Subjects:
Class 12 Biology Notes
Class 12 Chemistry Notes

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Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Notes PDF

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Key Points: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments Notes PDF

Light : Light is a farm of energy which pro- duces Sensation of sight.

• Light waves are electromagnetic waves, whose nature is transverse.
• The speed of light in Vacuum is 3.0 x 10⁸ m/s but it is different in different media.
• The speed and wavelength of light change when it travels from one medium to another but its frequency remains unchanged.

Non-Luminous objects : The objects which do not emit its own light but become visible due to the reflection of light falling on them, are called non-luminous objects e.g- moon, table, chair, tree etc.

Magnification: it is defined as the ratio of Size of image to the size of object.

Uses of concave mirror :

• Concave mirror used as reflector in Search lights.
• Use in head light of vehicle.
• Concave mirror are used to see large image of face.
• Solar cooker.

Uses of convex mirror :

• Used as reflector in street light.
• Used in vehicles as rear view mirror.
• Security mirror

Refraction of Light : The deviation of light rays from its path when it travells from one transparent medium to another transparent medium, is called refraction of light.

Total Internal Reflection (TIR)

When a light ray travelling from a denser medium towards a rarer medium is incident at the interface at an angle of incidence greater than critical angle, then light rays reflected back in to the denser medium. This phenomena is called T.I.R.

Power of Lense : It is defined as the ability of the lens to converge or diverge a beam of light.

Compound Microscope: It is a combination of two convex lenses called objective lens and eye piece separated by a distance.

Astronomical Telescope :- It is also a combination of two lenses, called Objective lens and eye piece, Separated by a distance. It is used for observing distinct images of heavenly bodies like Stars, planets etc.

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