NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Notes (Handwritten Notes & PDF Download)

Physics is a very important subject for students. It may be hard for some students. For helping students here we have shared NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Handwritten Notes.

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NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 2 Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Notes

Next Chapter: Current Electricity
Previous Chapter: Electric Charges and Fields

Other Subjects:
Class 12 Biology Notes
Class 12 Chemistry Notes

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Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Notes PDF

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Key Points: Electrostatic Potential And Capacitance Notes PDF

Electric potential :- The Work done to carry unit positive charge from electric field to infinity is called electric potential.

• It is Scalar quantity.
• It is denoted by V.

Potential difference : The difference in the electric potential between two point or electric field is called potential difference.

• It is denoted by V.
• SI unit is volt.

Properties of equipotential surface

• The potential difference between any two point on equipotential surface is zero.
• No work is done by electric force in moving a charge on equipotential surface
• The direction of electric field is always (Iar) perpendicular to equipotential surface.

Electric capacitance of a conductor : It is defined as the measure of its ability to hold charge.

It depends on the following:

• Size and shape of conductor.
• Nature of surrounding medium.
• presence of other conductor in it neighbour.

Behaviour of conductor in electrostatic field:

1. Net electrostatic fields is zero in interior of a conductor.
2. Just outside the surface of a charged conductor electric field is normal to the surface.
3. The net charge in the interior of a conductor is zero and any excess charge resides on its surface.
4. potential is constant within and on the surface of conductor.
5. Electric field of the surface of a charge conductor is proportional to the surface charge density.
6. Electric field is zero in the cavity of a hollow charge conductor.

Polar Dielectric: A molecule in which centre of mass of positive charge does not coincide with the centre of mass of negative charge.
eg HCL, NH3, H2O etc.

Dielectric Strength: The maximum electric field that can exist in a dielectric without causing the breakdown of its insulating property is called dielectric strength of the material.

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Summary