NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Notes (Handwritten Notes & PDF Download)

Physics is a very important subject for students. It may be hard for some students. For helping students here we have shared NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Handwritten Notes.

The Atoms notes is a best resource for students who are preparing for their board exam because it compile the entire lesson in short and include every important topic.

NCERT Class 12 Physics Chapter 12 Atoms Notes

Next Chapter: Nuclei
Previous Chapter: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Other Subjects:
Class 12 Biology Notes
Class 12 Chemistry Notes

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Atoms Notes PDF

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Key Points: Atoms Notes PDF

Atom : A atom is the smallest particle which can take part in all physical and chemical reactions.

• Rutherford’s Atom Model : On the basis of the results of a scattering experiment the following picture of an atom:

1. Atoms can be regarded as spheres of diameters ${10}^{10}$m but whole of the positive charge and almost the entire mass of these atoms are concentrated in small central cares called nuclei having diameters of about $10^14$ m.
2. The nucleus is neighbored by electrons. In other wards, the electrons are distri- buted over the remaining part of the atom leaving plenty of empty space in the atom.

Bohr Model of Hydrogen atom:- Bohr combined classical and early quantum concepts and gave a theory in the form of

• According to Bohr, every atom consist of a central care called nucleus, in which entire positive charge and almost entire mass of atom is concentrated A suitable number of electron revolve around the nucleus in circular arbit.
• According to Bohr, e con revolve in certain non-radiating arbit called stationary arbit. for which the total angular momentum of revolving electron is integral multiple of h/2𝜋.

Limitation of Bohr’s model:

1. This model is applicable only to a simple atom like hydrogen having Z=1
2. It does not explain the structure of spectral lines.
3. This model does not explain why arhital of e- are taken as circular where as eliptical arbitales are also possible.
4. Bohr does say anything about relative intensities of spectrat sines

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